Which of the following can be a direct result of increased costs due to labor disputes?

Increased costs stemming from labor disputes typically lead to budget overruns and financial strain on a project. When disputes arise, whether due to wage disagreements, working conditions, or other labor-related issues, it often results in work stoppages or slowed project progression. Consequently, the project may incur prolonged costs, including continued overhead while workers are not on the job, potential legal fees, and increased negotiations costs. All of these factors contribute to budget overruns, as the original financial plan for the project is disrupted by the unexpected expenses associated with resolving these disputes.

Effective project management requires accurately forecasting costs and ensuring that funding aligns with the project scope. When labor disputes occur, they disrupt this balance and can lead to significant financial strain, making it challenging to keep the project within budgetary constraints. Hence, understanding how these labor-related issues directly affect overall project economics is crucial for anyone involved in construction coordination.